MapView 概述
MapView是ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android的核心组件，通过MapView可以呈现地图服务的数据，并且在MapView中定义了丰富的属性、方法和事件，用户通过MapView可以操作设备的触摸屏，默认MapView可以响应用户的各类手势的操作，GIS的开发中，什么时候都少不了地图操作。MapView是Android中ViewGroup的子类，也是ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android中的地图容器，与很多ArcGIS API中的Map、MapControl类作用是一样的。
MapView 功能介绍
MapView 的强大不仅仅是因为它是呈现地图数据的容器，MapView 为提供丰富的功能，下面来分析 MapView 为提供哪些功能。
首先，MapView 具有呈现地图能力，MapView 可以添加一个或多个图层，图层又分很多种，如：切片图层、动态图层、本地图层等等；图层只有添加到 MapView 容器中才能进行显示。
其次，通过 MapView 可以设置地图的显示范围、是否允许被旋转、地图背景、地图的最大/最小分辨率及其指定当前显示的分辨率/比例尺。
最后，MapView 提供了丰富的手势监听接口，通过这些监听器，可以监听各种手势动作，如点击、双击、移动或长按等操作。
MapView 的使用
MapView 的添加方式
有两种方式可以将 MapView 添加到应用当中：一个是 XML 方式，另一个是硬编码方式；一般多采用 XML 方式，方便调整布局及其属性相关设置。
1、XML方式
<com.esri.android.map.MapView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
url="http://www.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=e229d715f7ca4fa980308549fb288165"/>2、JAVA方式
//ArcGISTiledMapServiceLayer class is used to define the Layer that is added to the
//MapView object.
MapView mMapView = new MapView(this);
mMapView.addLayer(new ArcGISTiledMapServiceLayer(
"http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Street_Map/MapServer"));
setContentView(mMapView);MapView的配置
XML方式
以上内容使用XML实现
<!-- MapView with MapOptions settings for Topo basemap,
zoom level, and centered in Costa Mesa, CA. -->
<com.esri.android.map.MapView
android:id="@+id/map"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
mapoptions.MapType="topo"
mapoptions.ZoomLevel="13"
mapoptions.center="33.666354, -117.903557"/>在JAVA中以下代码即可使用
// Retrieve the MapView, Basemap, ZoomLevel, and Center from XML layout
MapView mMapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.map);JAVA方式
1、采用的MapOptions类实例化一个MapView，定义底图，缩放级别，以及中心。
MapOptions topo = new MapOptions(MapType.TOPO, 23, -110, 9);
MapView mapView = new MapView(this, topo);2、使用 MapOptions 切换底图。
MapOptions topo = new MapOptions(MapType.TOPO, 23, -110, 9);
MapView mapView = new MapView(this, topo);MapView 的常见操作
地图常见的操作有缩放、旋转、平移、获取范围、比例尺、分辨率等信息，以及常用的手势操作，其中，经常使用到的功能和常见问题有以下几个：
获取/设置比例尺、分辨率、中心点、范围
ArcGIS forAndroid中，MapView具有很多与地图操作有关的方法，其中，与地图的比例尺、分辨率、中心点、范围有关的方法如下：
1、获取/设置比例尺
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| double | getScale() | 获得当前地图的比例尺. |
| double | getMaxScale() | 获得当前地图的最大比例尺. |
| double | getMinScale() | 获得当前地图的最小比例尺. |
| void | setScale(double scale) | 设置当前地图的比例尺. |
| void | setMaxScale(double maxScale) | 设置当前地图的最大比例尺. |
| void | setMinScale(double minScale) | 设置当前地图的最小比例尺. |
2、获取/设置分辨率
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| double | getResolution() | 获得当前地图的分辨率. |
| double | getMaxResolution() | 此方法在 10.2.2 以后弃用，使用 getMinScale() 替代. |
| double | getMinResolution() | 此方法在 10.2.2 以后弃用，使用 getMaxScale() 替代. |
| void | setResolution(double res) | 设置当前地图的分辨率. |
| void | setMaxResolution(double maxResolution) | 此方法在 10.2.2 以后弃用，使用 setMinScale(double) 替代. |
| void | setMinResolution(double minResolution) | 此方法在 10.2.2 以后弃用，使用 setMaxScale(double) 替代. |
3、获取/设置中心点
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| Point | getCenter() | 获取地图中心点. |
| void | centerAt(Point centerPt, boolean animated) | 设置地图中心点. |
| void | centerAt(double lat, double lon, boolean animated) | 设置地图中心点. |
4、获取/设置范围
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| Polygon | getExtent() | 返回当前可视区域范围. |
| Envelope | getMaxExtent() | 获取MapView的最大范围. |
| void | setExtent(Geometry geometry) | 设置当前地图显示的空间范围. |
地图缩放、平移和旋转
1、地图缩放
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| void | zoomin() | 放大地图. |
| void | zoomout() | 缩小地图. |
| void | zoomTo(Point centerPt, float factor) | 缩放到给定点. |
| void | zoomToResolution(Point centerPt, double res) | 设定中心点，缩放到给定分辨率水平. |
| void | zoomToScale(Point centerPt, double scale) | 设定中心点，缩放到指定比例尺. |
2、地图平移
MapView的方法中，没有专门针对平移操作，主要原因在于，MapView中已经默认支持平移操作，即使用鼠标或手势拖动地图时就会平移地图，所以无需设置；
3、地图旋转
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| double | getRotationAngle() | 返回当前地图旋转角度（单位degree）. |
| void | setRotationAngle(double degree, Point centerPt, boolean animated) | 将地图旋转到指定的角度（单位degree），度数为正数则按逆时针方向旋转.中心点、动画可选. |
| void | setRotationAngle(double degree, float pivotX, float pivotY) | 以某个点为中心旋转地图. |
| void | setAllowRotationByPinch(boolean allowRotationByPinch) | 允许/取消pinch旋转. |
| boolean | isAllowRotationByPinch() | 返回是否允许pinch时旋转. |
地图坐标转换
地图坐标转换主要使用下列几个方法，其中，主要使用toMapPoint()方法实现获取地图上的点坐标信息：
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| SpatialReference | getSpatialReference() | 返回地图的坐标系统. |
| Point | toMapPoint(float screenx, float screeny) | 将屏幕坐标转换成地图坐标系下的ArcGIS geometry Point坐标. |
| Point | toMapPoint(Point src) | 将屏幕坐标转换成地图坐标系下的ArcGIS geometry Point坐标. |
| Point | toScreenPoint(Point src) | 将地图坐标系下的ArcGIS geometry Point坐标转换成屏幕坐标. |
地图手势操作
默认情况下的MapView将下面的手势作出回应：
- 单指双击和双指手势出来会放大到地图。
- 双指双击和捏合手势将缩小地图。
- 单指拖动和单击快速滑动手势会平移地图。
- 双击后拖动手势将允许进/出地图的缩放持续。
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| OnLongPressListener | getOnLongPressListener() | 获取地图长按事件监听. |
| OnPanListener | getOnPanListener() | 获取地图平移事件监听. |
| OnPinchListener | getOnPinchListener() | 获取地图捏夹事件监听. |
| OnSingleTapListener | getOnSingleTapListener() | 获取地图单击事件监听. |
| OnZoomListener | getOnZoomListener() | 获取缩放监听. |
| void | setOnLongPressListener(OnLongPressListener onLongPressListener) | 设置地图长按事件监听. |
| void | setOnPanListener(OnPanListener onPanListener) | 设置地图平移事件监听. |
| void | setOnPinchListener(OnPinchListener onPinchListener) | 设置地图捏夹事件监听. |
| void | setOnSingleTapListener(OnSingleTapListener onSingleTapListener) | 设置地图单击事件监听. |
| void | setOnZoomListener(OnZoomListener onZoomListener) | 设置缩放监听. |
MapView 的方法
MapView的所有公有方法及描述。
| 返回类型 | 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| int | addLayer(Layer layer, int index) | Adds the child Layer at the given index. |
| int | addLayer(Layer layer) | Adds the child Layer. |
| void | addLayers(Layer[] layerArray) | Adds the Layer array. |
| void | centerAndZoom(double lat, double lon, float levelOrFactor) | If the MapView is initialized, centers the map at the given latitude and longitude and zoom the map based on the given factor. |
| void | centerAt(double lat, double lon, boolean animated) | If the MapView is initialized, centers the map at the given latitude and longitude; optionally, the change is animated. |
| void | centerAt(Point centerPt, boolean animated) | If the MapView is initialized, centers the map at the given point; optionally, the change is animated. |
| Bitmap | createSymbolImage(Symbol symbol, Geometry geometry, int width, int height, int color) | This method was deprecated in API level . at 10.2.2 use getLegendImage(Symbol, Geometry, int, int, int) instead. |
| Bitmap[] | createSymbolImages(Symbol[] symbol, Geometry[] geometry, int width, int height, int color) | This method was deprecated in API level . at 10.2.2 use getLegendImages(Symbol[], Geometry[], int, int, int) instead. |
| void | enableWrapAround(boolean enable) | Enable or disable the map wrap around feature. |
| ViewGroup.LayoutParams | generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) | |
| Callout | getCallout() | Returns a callout window. |
| Point | getCenter() | Returns the center of the MapView as an ArcGIS geometry Point. |
| Bitmap | getDrawingMapCache(float x, float y, int w, int h) | Creates a drawing cache of the map in the given screen coordinates. |
| Polygon | getExtent() | Returns a polygon comprising of four corners of map in map coordinates. |
| Grid | getGrid() | Returns the Grid instance of the map which allows for the type and visibility of the grid to be controlled. |
| Layer | getLayer(int index) | Gets a layer at the given index. |
| Layer | getLayerByID(long layerID) | Gets a layer by its ID. |
| Layer | getLayerByURL(String url) | Gets a layer by its service URL. |
| Layer[] | getLayers() | Returns all child Layers that are added to the MapView. |
| LocationDisplayManager | getLocationDisplayManager() | Returns the LocationDisplayManager. |
| Envelope | getMapBoundaryExtent() | This method was deprecated in API level . in 10.2.2, use getMaxExtent() instead |
| Envelope | getMaxExtent() | Returns the max extent of the map. |
| double | getMaxResolution() | This method was deprecated in API level . at 10.2.2 please use getMinScale() |
| double | getMaxScale() | Returns maximum scale. |
| double | getMinResolution() | This method was deprecated in API level . 10.2.2 please use getMaxScale() |
| double | getMinScale() | Returns the minimum scale. |
| OnLongPressListener | getOnLongPressListener() | Gets the OnLongPressListener of the MapView. |
| OnPanListener | getOnPanListener() | Gets the OnPanListener of the MapView. |
| OnPinchListener | getOnPinchListener() | Gets the OnPinchListener of the MapView. |
| OnSingleTapListener | getOnSingleTapListener() | Gets the onSingleTapListener of the MapView. |
| OnStatusChangedListener | getOnStatusChangedListener() | Gets the OnStatusChangedListener of the MapView. |
| OnZoomListener | getOnZoomListener() | Gets the OnZoomListener of the MapView. |
| double | getResolution() | Returns the resolution of the MapView. |
| double | getRotationAngle() | Returns the current rotation angle of the map in degrees counter-clockwise. |
| double | getScale() | A convenience method for obtaining the current map scale . |
| SpatialReference | getSpatialReference() | Returns the spatial coordinate system being used by the MapView. |
| boolean | isAllowOneFingerZoom() | Returns true if one-finger zooming is allowed. |
| boolean | isAllowRotationByPinch() | Returns true if the rotation by pinch is allowed. |
| boolean | isLoaded() | Returns true if the MapView is initialized. |
| boolean | isRecycled() | Returns true if the MapView has been recycled. |
| boolean | isShowMagnifierOnLongPress() | This method checks whether the map will show the magnifier when the user performs a tap and hold gesture on the map. |
| void | onChildViewAdded(View parent, View child) | |
| void | onChildViewRemoved(View parent, View child) | |
| void | pause() | Pauses the map. |
| void | recycle() | Releases the resources referenced by the MapView so that they can be recycled. |
| void | removeAll() | Removes all child layers from the map. |
| void | removeLayer(int index) | Removes a child layer at the given index. |
| void | removeLayer(Layer layer) | Removes the child Layer from the parent MapView. |
| void | restoreState(String state) | Restores the center and resolution, and the LocationDisplayManager state (whether it was active and whether or not to autopan) from the given state String into the MapView. |
| String | retainState() | Saves the coordinates of the center of the map, the current map resolution, and the LocationDisplayManager state (whether it was active and whether or not to autopan) as a String. |
| void | setAllowMagnifierToPanMap(boolean allow) | Flag to indicate if the map should pan when the magnifier gets near the edge of the map's bounds. |
| void | setAllowOneFingerZoom(boolean allowOneFingerZoom) | Allows/disallows one-finger zooming. |
| void | setAllowRotationByPinch(boolean allowRotationByPinch) | Allows/disallow pinch to rotate. |
| void | setEsriLogoVisible(boolean visible) | Turns on or off the ESRI logo. |
| void | setExtent(Geometry geometry, int padding) | Zooms the map to the given geometry, so that geometry fits within the bounds of the map with the specified padding between the geometry and edge of the map. |
| void | setExtent(Geometry geometry) | Zooms the map to the given geometry so that geometry fits within the bounds of the map. |
| void | setExtent(Geometry geometry, int padding, boolean animated) | Zooms the map to the given geometry, so that geometry fits within the bounds of the map with the specified padding between the geometry and edge of the map; optionally, the change is animated. |
| void | setMapBackground(int bkColor, int gridColor, float gridSize, float gridLineSize) | Sets the map background with color and grid. |
| boolean | setMapOptions(MapOptions options) | Switches basemap by the given options. |
| void | setMaxExtent(Envelope env) | Sets the boundary extent of the map. |
| void | setMaxResolution(double maxResolution) | This method was deprecated in API level . at 10.2.2 please use setMinScale(double) |
| void | setMaxScale(double maxScale) | Sets the maximum scale to which the map can be zoomed in. |
| void | setMinResolution(double minResolution) | This method was deprecated in API level . at 10.2.2, please use setMaxScale(double) |
| void | setMinScale(double minScale) | Set the minimum scale to which the map can be zoomed out. |
| void | setOnLongPressListener(OnLongPressListener onLongPressListener) | Sets the OnLongPressListener of the MapView. |
| void | setOnPanListener(OnPanListener onPanListener) | Sets the OnPanListener of the MapView. |
| void | setOnPinchListener(OnPinchListener onPinchListener) | Sets the onPinchListener of the MapView. |
| void | setOnSingleTapListener(OnSingleTapListener onSingleTapListener) | Sets the onSingleTapListener of the MapView. |
| void | setOnStatusChangedListener(OnStatusChangedListener onStatusChangedListener) | Sets the OnStatusChangedListener of the MapView. |
| void | setOnZoomListener(OnZoomListener onZoomListener) | Sets the OnZoomListener of the MapView. |
| void | setResolution(double res) | Sets the resolution of the MapView. |
| void | setRotationAngle(double degree, Point centerPt, boolean animated) | Rotates the map to the given angle in degrees and re-centers the map at the specified map coordinates; optionally, the change is animated. |
| void | setRotationAngle(double degree, boolean animated) | Rotates the map to the given angle in degrees; optionally, the change is animated. |
| void | setRotationAngle(double degree) | Rotates the map to the given angle in degrees; if the specified angle is positive, rotation is counter-clockwise, if negative then rotation is clockwise. |
| void | setRotationAngle(double degree, float pivotX, float pivotY) | Rotates the map to the given angle in degrees, pivoting the rotation around a given point on the screen. |
| void | setScale(double scale, boolean animated) | Sets the map scale; optionally, the change is animated. |
| void | setScale(double scale) | Sets the map scale. |
| void | setShowMagnifierOnLongPress(boolean showMagnifier) | Sets a flag that defines whether or not the map should show the magnifier when the user performs a long press gesture on the map. |
| Future |
switchBaseMap(BaseMap basemap, Portal portal, OnBaseMapSwitchListener listener) | Replaces the basemap layers of this MapView if it was created from a WebMap, otherwise just adds the new basemap layers at the bottom or top of the existing MapView layers, depending on whether they are base or reference layers. |
| Point | toMapPoint(float screenx, float screeny) | A convenience method that will convert a device's screen coordinates to an ArcGIS geometry Point that has the same spatial coordinate system as the MapView's. |
| Point | toMapPoint(Point src) | A convenience method that will convert a device's screen coordinates into an ArcGIS geometry Point that has the same spatial coordinate system as the MapView's. |
| Point | toScreenPoint(Point src) | A convenience method that will convert an ArcGIS geometry Point from the MapView's spatial coordinate system into the device's screen coordinates. |
| void | unpause() | Unpauses the map. |
| void | zoomTo(Point centerPt, float factor) | If the MapView is initialized, zooms the map by a factor to the given center point. |
| void | zoomToResolution(Point centerPt, double res) | Centers the map on the given point and zoom into the given resolution level. |
| void | zoomToScale(Point centerPt, double scale) | Centers the map on the given point and zoom into the given scale level. |
| void | zoomin() | Zooms in one level from current map resolution; the map animates to the new resolution. |
| void | zoomin(boolean animated) | Zooms in one level from current map resolution; optionally, the change is animated. |
| void | zoomout() | Zooms out one level from current map resolution; the map animates to the new resolution. |
| void | zoomout(boolean animated) | Zooms out one level from current map resolution; optionally, the change is animated. |
参考资料
1、MapView | ArcGIS Android 10.2.7 API
https://developers.arcgis.com/android/api-reference/reference/com/esri/android/map/MapView.html
2、ArcGIS for Android地图控件的5大常见操作
http://blog.csdn.net/arcgis_mobile/article/details/7801467
3、《ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android开发笔记》——（9）、空间数据的容器-地图MapView - gis-luq - 博客园
http://www.cnblogs.com/gis-luq/p/4941715.html
4、arcgis for android 学习 - (4) 了解mapView的一些方法和事件 - 张云飞VIR - 博客园
http://www.cnblogs.com/vir56k/archive/2012/06/04/2534418.html
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